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To the 90
th
anniversary of Yuri Oganessian
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JINR For School Children
Virtual JINR
Synthesis of Superheavy Elements
Contents
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Lecture 1. Introduction
1.1. History of Atomic Structure
1.2. Dirac's Prediction of Antimatter
1.3. Universal Physical Constants and Initial Conditions for the Universe
1.4. How and When the First Atoms Were Formed?
1.5. How to Re-create the First Moments of the Universe?
1.6. What is Nuclear Matter?
1.7. Nuclear Fission in the Liquid Drop Model. Spontaneous fission
1.8. How Big Can the Nuclear Drop Be? How Long Can It Exist?
1.9. Exception to the Rule, Which Becomes the Rule
1.10. Nuclear Shells and the Magic Numbers
1.11. Nuclear Structure and Stability of the Heaviest Nuclei
1.12. Summary of Lecture 1